The Rapid Aspiration Screening in Suspected Stroke Part 1: Development and Validation

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitationに「The Rapid Aspiration Screening in Suspected Stroke Part 1: Development and Validation」(Stephanie K. Daniels, Shweta Pathak, John C. Rosenbek, Robert O. Morgan, Jane A. Anderson)が掲載されている。

Abstract
Objectives
To develop and validate a nurse-administered screening tool to identify aspiration risk in patients with suspected stroke.

Design
Validity study comparing evidence-based swallowing screening items with videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS).

Settings
The study was completed in a certified primary stroke center in a major metropolitan medical facility.

Participants
Consecutive patients (N=250) admitted with suspected stroke.

Interventions
Patients were administered evidence-based swallowing screening items by nurses. A VFSS was completed within 2 hours of swallowing screening.

Main Outcome Measure
Validity relative to identifying VFSS determined aspiration for each screening item and for various combinations of items.

Results
Aspiration was identified in 29 of the 250 participants. Logistic regression revealed age (p=0.012), dysarthria (p=0.001), abnormal volitional cough (p=0.030), and signs related to trial water swallow (p=0.021) to be significantly associated with aspiration. Validity was then determined based on the best combination of significant items for predicting aspiration. Results revealed that age >70, or dysarthria, or signs related to trial water swallow (i.e., cough, throat clear, wet vocal quality, and inability to continuously swallow 90ml water) yielded 93% sensitivity and 98% negative predictive value.

Conclusions
The final validated tool, Rapid Aspiration Screening for Suspected Stroke (RAS3), is a valid nurse-administered tool to detect risk of aspiration in patients presenting with suspected stroke.

 脳卒中疑いのある患者(250名)の中で29人に誤嚥を認めたとのことであり、Rapid Aspiration Screening for Suspected Strokeは有用なツールであると述べている。
  水飲みテストが90mlと多いが、脳卒中疑いレベルのためであろうか。
  70歳以上の高齢者、構音障害のある脳卒中疑いの約1割は誤嚥するとあるので、介入時留意しておくことが重要と思われた。

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