誤嚥性肺炎治療にメチレンブルーが有効

Journal of Surgical Research(IF2.121)に「The effect of methylene blue treatment on aspiration pneumonia」
(Mehmet Kanter , Sevtap Hekimoglu Sahin, Umit Nusret Basaran, Suleyman Ayvaz, Burhan Aksu,
Mustafa Erboga, Alkin Colak Volume 193, Issue 2, February 2015, Pages 909–919)が掲載されている。
 
Background
The study aimed to examine whether methylene blue (MB) prevents different pulmonary aspiration materials-induced lung injury in rats.

Methods

The experiments were designed in 60 Sprague–Dawley rats, ranging in weight from 250–300 g, randomly allotted into one of six groups (n = 10): saline control, Biosorb Energy Plus (BIO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), saline + MB treated, BIO + MB treated, and HCl + MB treated. Saline, BIO, and HCl were injected into the lungs in a volume of 2 mL/kg. After surgical procedure, MB was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days at a daily dose of 2 mg/kg per day. Seven days later, rats were killed, and both lungs in all groups were examined biochemically and histopathologically.

Results

Our findings show that MB inhibits the inflammatory response reducing significantly (P < 0.05) peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar septal infiltration, alveolar edema, alveolar exudate, alveolar histiocytes, interstitial fibrosis, granuloma, and necrosis formation in different pulmonary aspiration models. Pulmonary aspiration significantly increased the tissue hydroxyproline content, malondialdehyde levels, and decreased (P < 0.05) the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activities. MB treatment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the elevated tissue hydroxyproline content and malondialdehyde levels and prevented the inhibition of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) enzymes in the tissues. Furthermore, there is a significant reduction in the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, and arise in the expression of surfactant protein D in lung tissue of different pulmonary aspiration models with MB therapy.

Conclusions

MB treatment might be beneficial in lung injury and therefore shows potential for clinical use.

誤嚥性肺炎とメチレンブルーの関係といえば、Blue Dye Testが有名であるが、本論文ではメチレンブルーを7日間腹腔内投与し生理食塩水と比較することで、肺疾患に有効と述べている。
メチレンブルーを色素のみと考えていたが、調べてみると「メチレンブルーには、一酸化炭素の血管平滑筋弛緩作用を抑制する働きがあることが知られている」と述べているのがあり、参考になった。
誤嚥性肺炎治療に有効な薬が増えてくることで、摂食嚥下リハビリテーション介入が早まることを期待したい。

 

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